西准噶尔南部庙尔沟岩体晚石炭世花岗闪长斑岩岩石成因及其动力学背景     

段丰浩  支倩  李永军  肖鸿  王盼龙  高吉鹏 《岩石学报》2021,37(4):1159-1176

位于西准噶尔南部的庙尔沟岩体主体由碱长花岗岩和少量紫苏花岗岩组成。本文在前人工作基础上,以岩体东南边缘新发现的花岗闪长斑岩为研究对象,开展岩石学、年代学和Hf同位素以及全岩地球化学研究,确定花岗闪长斑岩形成时代、揭示岩石成因类型及源区属性、探讨其与碱长花岗岩和紫苏花岗岩岩浆演化成因联系及其形成的深部动力学过程。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,花岗闪长斑岩形成于317.4±1.9Ma,为晚石炭世早期岩浆活动的产物,明显早于紫苏花岗岩(～307Ma)和碱长花岗岩(～303Ma)。岩石地球化学数据表明,花岗闪长斑岩具有较高硅、中等铝,贫钙、铁、镁,富集Rb、K、Th、U,强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Ti的特征,为钙碱性弱过铝质I型花岗岩;紫苏花岗岩更多的表现出钙碱性-高钾钙碱性镁质I型紫苏花岗岩特征;碱长花岗岩为碱性准铝质-弱过铝质A型花岗岩。锆石Hf同位素分析结果表明,花岗闪长斑岩、紫苏花岗岩和碱长花岗岩均具有高正的ε_(Hf)(t)值(+11.6～+15.8)和年轻的二阶段模式年龄(325～600Ma),表明其原始岩浆主要起源于亏损地幔新衍生的年轻地壳物质。综合分析认为,庙尔沟岩体花岗闪长斑岩形成于晚石炭世早期洋壳俯冲背景,由底侵的、受流体交代的幔源基性岩浆与其诱发的年轻下地壳酸性岩浆在深部混合而成。紫苏花岗岩和碱长花岗岩形成于弧后伸展背景,前者是伸展初期继续底侵于下地壳的幔源玄武质岩浆降温释放大量的水和热诱使早期侵位于下地壳的镁铁质岩石再次发生部分熔融的产物,后者是伸展后期大规模软流圈地幔上涌底垫加热年轻中下地壳使其部分熔融而成。  相似文献   

藏南冈底斯岩基东段朗县杂岩早白垩世岩浆作用:新特提斯洋二次俯冲   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李广旭  曾令森  高利娥  高家昊  赵令浩 《岩石学报》2021,37(10):2995-3034

新特提斯洋长期俯冲消减作用在早白垩世可能经历二次俯冲启动或板片俯冲几何形态的重大转换。确定西藏南部冈底斯岩基早白垩世岩浆作用的岩石地球化学特征和作用方式是甄别上述过程的关键,对理解新特提斯洋的俯冲演化过程至关重要。本文就冈底斯岩基东段朗县杂岩中保存的各类早白垩世岩浆岩,开展了锆石U-Pb地质年代学和Hf同位素、全岩元素和同位素（Sr-Nd）组成分析。数据结果表明：1）基性岩侵位时代为早白垩世晚期（103.6~100.8Ma）,为高钾钙碱性偏铝质岩石,锆石ε_Hf（t）=+0.3~+5.7,全岩ε_Nd（t）=-0.8和-0.3,暗示其岩浆源区具有大量俯冲沉积物或流体的混入,为沉积物熔体和流体交代的地幔楔物质部分熔融的产物,经历了一定程度的角闪石分离结晶作用;2）中性岩形成于99.8~97.6Ma,略晚于基性岩,其主量元素与基性岩具有较好的线性关系,全岩ε_Nd（t）=+1.1,具有较多的地幔物质参与,为基性岩浆进一步演化形成;3）酸性岩（脉体）记录了多阶段岩浆作用（124.1~95.3Ma）,根据同位素组成不同进一步划分为两类,第一类具有较低的全岩ε_Nd（t）值（-8.3~-6.0）,其岩浆源区显示富集特征,t_DM2=1385~1586Ma,由古老地壳物质的再熔融形成;第二类的锆石ε_Hf（t）值（-2.8~+3.2）变化较大,岩脉的锆石ε_Hf（t）=+0.4~+8.1,t_DM=428~906Ma,全岩ε_Nd（t）=+0.1和+0.8,表明岩浆源区具有不均一性,为古老地壳物质被富流体地幔岩浆改造形成;和4）镁铁质包体的主量元素与寄主花岗岩具有较好的线性关系,锆石的Hf同位素组成变化较大（ε_Hf（t）=-9.3~+4.1）,变化范围可达13个ε单位,为岩浆混合成因。寄主花岗岩和角闪辉长岩分别作为酸性和基性端元,是基性岩浆与其诱发古老地壳熔融形成的花岗质岩浆经混合形成。结合冈底斯岩基早白垩世岩浆岩的研究结果,朗县杂岩在早白垩世（124~97Ma）的岩浆作用具有明显的岩浆混合现象,锆石Hf和全岩Sr-Nd同位素组成变化较大,可达13个ε单位,其岩浆源区复杂且富含流体,代表了新特提斯洋在早期（240~144Ma）经历漫长的俯冲之后,在早白垩世时期（~120Ma）俯冲带发生跃迁或俯冲角度达到临界点,导致大量俯冲沉积物和流体沿俯冲带俯冲下去,与发生部分熔融的地幔楔物质混合,底侵导致上覆古老地壳物质的再熔融,形成早白垩世复杂的岩浆岩组合,很可能是新特提斯洋二次俯冲开始的标志。  相似文献   

内蒙古中东部上侏罗统满克头鄂博组划分及时代          下载免费PDF全文

张永清 《地球科学》2021,46(1):162-171

内蒙古自治区中东部满克头鄂博组以流纹质火山碎屑岩为主夹山间湖盆相陆相碎屑岩及少量流纹岩或英安岩.沉积岩中产叶肢介Magumbonia paramecia,Nestoria reticulate,N.xishunjingensis,N.cf.pissoui,Lioestheria sp.;双壳类Ferganoconcha curta,F.subcentralis,F.elongate;植物:Ginkgoites sp.,Cladophlebis sp.,Lycopodites sp.,Baiera gracilis,Phoenicopsis sp.化石.岩石化学SiO₂71.47%~75.96%,Ai₂O₃12.50%~14.18%,K₂O 3.84%~4.98%,Na₂O 3.22%~4.14%,ALK 7.84%~9.12%,K₂O>Na₂O,显示高硅高碱特征;微量元素组成上以富集Rb、K、Th、U、La和LREE,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、P和Ti为特征;稀土元素ΣREE=47.116×10-6~176.78×10-6,轻重稀土分溜明显,分溜系数（La/Yb）_N为4.79~25.56,δEu为0.05~0.61,为中等铕负异常.4个样品在logδ-logτ图解上全部落入造山带山花岗岩区、Rb-Y+Nb图解上落在火山弧花岗岩区、Nb-Y图解上全部落入火山弧花岗岩同碰撞花岗岩区;在阿巴嘎旗-扎鲁特旗-巴林右旗一带采集了4个锆石LA-MC-IC-MS同位素,年龄值分别为138.89±0.93 Ma、137.70±1.40 Ma、147.70±1.20 Ma和137.27±0.96 Ma,将满克头鄂博组的时代置于晚侏罗世-早白垩世.   相似文献   

河北围场早白垩世鲎虫化石性双形现象研究     

包彩凤 《江苏地质》2021,45(2):143-149

对产自河北围场下白垩统九佛堂组的65件鲎虫化石标本进行研究。根据其形态特征,认为这些鲎虫化石属于三角围场鲎虫（Weichangiops triangularisYang et Hong, 1980）。有观点认为,具有上肛板的鲎虫为冷水型鲎虫,而不具上肛板的鲎虫为暖水型鲎虫。河北围场采集的鲎虫化石有的具上肛板,有的不具上肛板,目前没有任何证据表明其为冷水型鲎虫与暖水型鲎虫混生的产物。通过研究,对三角围场鲎虫的特征进行了适当修正,认为围场地区的鲎虫化石具1对复眼,因此依据单个复眼而建立的新亚科——围场鲎虫亚科（Weichangiopsinae）不成立,应予以摒弃。三角围场鲎虫存在明显的性双形现象,雄性个体尾部具有上肛板,雌性个体不具有上肛板,这对于鲎虫化石分类研究具有重要的科学价值,可避免在生物分类时发生同物异名现象。  相似文献   

辽东石庙沟岩体岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素及其地质意义     

王世成  杨仲杰  杨菊  张璟  孙守亮  刘长纯 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(2):429-441

辽东石庙沟地区位于华北陆块东部的辽吉造山/活动带上,该带经历了十分复杂的构造演化过程,记录了多期岩浆-构造-变质事件。石庙沟岩体为花岗斑岩,富SiO₂、Na₂O和K₂O,贫CaO、MgO及Al₂O₃,亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ti、Ta、P）,富集大离子亲石元素（K、Rb、Ba、U）,A/CNK值大于1,REE配分曲线呈"海鸥"式分布,以具有显著的负Eu异常为特征,高Ga/Al值,与典型A型花岗岩特征一致。花岗斑岩中锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果表明其成岩年龄为（123.0±1.6）Ma,为早白垩世。锆石Hf同位素分析表明,ε_Hf（t）值均为负值,介于-15.72~-12.85之间,平均值为-14.14,二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2）在2 164~1 989 Ma之间,平均为2 067 Ma,反映源岩以大陆壳成分为主。结合花岗斑岩高SiO₂,低Mg、Co、Cr、Ni,且富集LREE和LILE,亏损HFSE等特征,表明早白垩世花岗斑岩岩浆应为大陆地壳物质熔融的产物。根据年代学和岩石地球化学研究认为,早白垩世花岗斑岩是古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲所形成的活动大陆边缘弧花岗岩。研究区早白垩世花岗斑岩的形成主要受太平洋构造域的影响,形成环境受板块俯冲造山后伸展作用和下地壳拆沉作用的联合制约,是辽东地区岩石圈减薄的直接证据。  相似文献   

Integration of zircon and apatite U–Pb geochronology and geochemical mapping of the Wude basalts(Emeishan large igneous province):A tool for a better understanding of the tectonothermal and geodynamic evolution of the Emeishan LIP     

Jia-Nan Fu  Franco Pirajno  Fan Yang  Espine Shivute  Yi-Zhan Sun  Ning Ai  Kun-Feng Qiu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(2):573-585

Radiogenic isotopic dating and Lu–Hf isotopic composition using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)of the Wude basalt in Yunnan province from the Emeishan large igneous province(ELIP)yielded timing of formation and post-eruption tectonothermal event.Holistic lithogeochemistry and elements mapping of basaltic rocks were further reevaluated to provide insights into crustal contamination and formation of the ELIP.A zircon U–Pb age of 251.3±2.0 Ma of the Wude basalt recorded the youngest volcanic eruption event and was consistent with the age span of 251-263 Ma for the emplacement of the ELIP.Such zircons hadε_Hf(t)values ranging from7.3 to+2.2,identical to those of magmatic zircons from the intrusive rocks of the ELIP,suggesting that crust-mantle interaction occurred during magmatic emplacement,or crust-mantle mixing existed in the deep source region prior to deep melting.The apatite U–Pb age at 53.6±3.4 Ma recorded an early Eocene magmatic superimposition of a regional tectonothermal event,corresponding to the Indian–Eurasian plate collision.Negative Nb,Ta,Ti and P anomalies of the Emeishan basalt may reflect crustal contamination.The uneven Nb/La and Th/Ta values distribution throughout the ELIP supported a mantle plume model origin.Therefore,the ELIP was formed as a result of a mantle plume which was later superimposed by a regional tectonothermal event attributed to the Indian–Eurasian plate collision during early Eocene.  相似文献   

Absence of regional stratigraphic hiatus in the late Carboniferous (Asturian - Stephanian) in the northern Variscan foreland: a review of the bio- and lithostratigraphical evidence in central england     

B.M. Besly  C.J. Cleal 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(1):50-65

An extensive regional stratigraphic hiatus has been proposed in the Asturian to Stephanian foreland basin successions lying to the north of the main Variscan deformation belt, stretching from north west Europe to eastern North America. The hiatus is inferred on megafloral grounds and involves the absence of most if not all of Stephanian Substages B and C. If present it would have great significance for the understanding of regional basin dynamics in the later stages of the Variscan orogeny. However, its existence has been strongly contested. One of the keys to this hypothesis is the correct identification and interpretation of plant fossils from the Warwickshire Coalfield (Central England). The published identifications are here shown to be incorrect, and revised determinations taken in conjunction with other stratigraphic data from Central England suggest that a regional hiatus is not present in the early-mid Stephanian, and that any stratigraphic hiatuses at other horizons in the succession are of purely local extent. A review of known occurrences of the Asturian and Stephanian successions in basins stretching from eastern Canada to Germany suggests that, while facies developments may be similar, there is little uniformity in stratigraphic style and little evidence for a major Stephanian hiatus.  相似文献   

Elucidating hydrological complexity and climate-influenced diagenesis during the early Carboniferous of South Wales     

N.J. Hogancamp  V.P. Wright 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(1):93-101

A revised age provided by conodonts from the Gilwern Oolite of the Clydach area of South Wales allows a clearer understanding of the palaeohydrology, palaeoclimatic history and diagenesis of previously correlated oolitic units. Earlier uncertainty over the apparent sub-regional differences in climate during the early Visean (Chadian—Arundian) lowstand is resolved. Previously a humid interval evidenced by prominent palaeo-epikarst capping the Gilwern Oolite along the northern outcrops of the South Wales synclinorium, was not recognized in what were regarded as correlative outcrops in the Chadian Gully Oolite in the southern part of the synclinorium. Conodont dating now shows that the Gilwern Oolite is much older (Courceyan) than the Chadian Gully Oolite, and during the prolonged exposure of the former there was an interval of weathering under a humid climate. This also explains the contrast between the diagenesis seen between the Gilwern and Gully oolites, which are no longer seen as correlatives.  相似文献   

Early Cretaceous deformation in the southern Tashkorgan region: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the northeastern Pamir     

《China Geology》2021,4(1):67-76

The Pamir Plateau comprises a series of crustal fragments that successively accreted to the Eurasian margin preceded the India-Asia collision, is an ideal place to study the Mesozoic tectonics. The authors investigate the southern Tashkorgan area, northeastern Pamir Plateau, where Mesozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks are exposed. New structural and biotite ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar age data are presented. Two stages of intense deformation in the metamorphic rocks are identified, which are unconformably covered by the Early Cretaceous sediment. Two high-grade metamorphic rocks yielding 128.4 ± 0.8 Ma and 144.5 ± 0.9 Ma ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar ages indicate that the samples experienced an Early Cretaceous cooling event. Combined with previous studies, it is proposed that the Early Cretaceous tectonic records in the southern Tashkorgan region are associated with Andean-style orogenesis. They are the results of the flat/low-angle subduction of the Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Early Eocene leucocratic sill/dike swarms in the Gangdese belt,southern Tibet: Tectonic implications for Indo-Asian collision     

《China Geology》2021,4(1):56-66

The timing of the initial Indo-Asian collision is a subject of debate for a long time. Besides, the magmatic trace of the collisional process is also unclear. In the present study, the authors report Early Eocene leucocratic sill/dike swarms in the northern edge of the Nymo intrusive complex of the Gangdese belt, southern Tibet. The Nymo intrusive complex was emplaced at ca. 50 –47 Ma and surrounded by the metamorphosed Jurassic-aged Bima Formation volcano-sedimentary sequence along its northern side. At outcrops, the leucocratic sills/dikes intruded along or truncated the deformed foliations of the host Bima Formation, which has been subject to high-temperature amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca. 50 –47 Ma. Detailed cathodoluminescence image analyses reveal that the zircon grains of the leucocratic sills/dikes have core-mantle textures. The cores yield the Jurassic ages comparable to the protolith ages of the Bima Formation. In contrast, the mantles of zircon grains yield weighted mean ages of ca. 49–47 Ma, representing the crystallization timing of these leucocratic sills/dikes. The coeval ages for the Nymo intrusive complex, the high-temperature metamorphism, and the leucocratic sills/dikes indicate that a close relationship exists among them. The authors tentatively suggest that these leucocratic sills/dikes were generated from partial melting of the Jurassic-aged Bima Formation volcanic rocks, triggered by the high heat from the magma chamber of the Nymo intrusive complex. This Early Eocene tectono-thermal event of coeval magmatism, metamorphism and partial melting was most likely formed during the Indo-Asian collisional setting.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献